[Neonatal complications in gestational diabetes mellitus].

Impact of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) on maternal and fetal health is a major concern since prevalence of GDM is increasing worldwide. Present study aims at identifying the magnitude of increased perinatal risks due to GDM. Nine hundred antenatal women of gestational age 24 weeks and above were screened for GDM using 50g glucose challenge test followed by oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT). Based on American Diabetes Association(ADA) criteria, 30 women were diagnosed with GDM, followed up till their deliveries and the fetal outcome was studied. Data regarding the perinatal complications associated with GDM was recorded. The study findings revealed an increased risk of fetal macrosomia(13.33%), neonatal hypoglycemia(13.33%), respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) in 10%, polycythemia(3.33%), hyperbilirubinemia(13.33%), hypocalcaemia(3.33%), small for gestational age babies(SGA) in 10%, intra-uterine deaths(IUD) in 3.33% and still births(3.33%).Thus, an early intervention through good glycemic control in diagnosed cases of GDM can lower the perinatal complications and improve the fetal outcome.